|
International Aid Goals for US
Goals by 2035: 1) Eradicate all current debt (totals as of 2004) in developing democracies; 2) Increase
literacy to 90%; 3) Increase average per-capita income (PPP measurement) in developing democracies (ex-India) to $9350 (2004
dollars) and for India to $7250; 4) Ensure that citizens of all developing democracies have safe drinking water, childhood
vaccinations and access to primary education; 5) Eradicate AIDS, TB and malaria.
It is in our own interest to encourage the growth, prosperity and stability of developing democracies.
To that end, we must budget the equivalent of 1% of GDP annually for this goal. (This would mean approximately $117 billion
in 2005.) To get the right return on this investment, however, we must target carefully, giving (not loaning) 25% of the money
from this fund only to developing countries that both the executive and Congress agree are democracies, that have per-capita
income below $9000 (2004 dollars, adjusted annually by increase in world average PPP income), that do not spend more than
3% of GDP on military expenditures, and that are at peace with all other countries. Qualifying countries or NGOs
acting for the benefit of the relevant countries should receive funds for specific project proposals and these projects
must be limited to anti-corruption programs, micro-loan programs, healthcare (general and preventive), education, and mass-transit/water/waste-disposal/energy
infrastructure. The only condition would be the acceptance of USAID auditors to oversee the spending in order to avoid corruption. Currently
over 70 countries might qualify and nearly 90 if certain countries settle their disputes (external or internal)
and/or drop military spending to rational levels. Note
that levels of aid are a function not only of population, but of distance to world average income, a mechanism that automatically
provides a means for 'weaning' countries off foreign aid as they grow wealthier. (For exact calculations, contact me.)
Until all such debt is repaid, 65% of the money from this fund must be dedicated each year to retiring
debt (capital, not interest) for any developing countries whose per-capita income is below $9000 (2004, adjusted as above)
and that do not appear on the list of rogue nations. This should be a 30-year project, though only the most indebted countries (for example Brazil, Iraq, Peru, Congo
and 26 others) would take that long to repay the debt. The idea is to take into account only current debt and dedicate
ourselve to eradicating it, but not to aid with new debt the countries choose to accrue; that is their responsibility.
In order to foster both peace and democracy, those countries falling
short due to border disputes, excessive military spending, etc., will not be permanently denied their share of funds, but
rather see them set aside in a trust fund, to be released to them (or NGOs or creditors as appropriate) once they comply.
The funds would only be permanently denied and returned to the general pool if the country or countries in question abandoned
democracy or their per-capita income rose above the threshold (world average + 10%) in the meantime. This is a strong
incentive for countries to seek peaceful resolutions to conflict and to reign in excessive military expenditure.
The last ten percent must be dedicated to a global AIDS prevention and research fund until either a cure
or a vaccine is developped and the disease is under control or eradicated. Once this is accomplished, the money would go into
the development projects' fund described above.
Finally, and perhaps most importantly, the best thing we can do for the developing world is to stop all
domestic farm subsidies and remove all obstacles to trade with these countries. Move beyond the WTO and cease any and all
tariffs on goods imported from the countries listed below and they will be better able to help themselves.
| COUNTRY |
DEMOCRACIES,
BUT INELIGIBLE TIL MILITARY SPENDING/CONFLICT/BORDER/DISPUTE CONDITIONS SATISIFIED |
POPULATION
MILLIONS |
PCI |
TARGET
AID IN MILLIONS |
EXTERNAL
DEBT |
DEBT PER
CAPITA |
DEBT RELIEF
PER ANNUM (MILLIONS) |
YEARS TO
AID WITH DEBT |
NOTES |
| ARMENIA |
X |
3 |
3500 |
$32.3730 |
$905.00 |
$301.67 |
$82.27 |
11 |
High military expenditure. Has yet
to resolve Nagorno-Karabakh issue with Azerbaijan. |
| AZERBAIJAN |
X |
7.9 |
3400 |
$86.7989 |
$1 575.00 |
$199.37 |
$225.00 |
7 |
Has yet to resolve Nagorno-Karabakh
issue with Armenia and border dispute with Georgia. |
| BOSNIA & HERZOGOVINA |
X |
4 |
6100 |
$22.7592 |
$3 500.00 |
$875.00 |
$116.67 |
30 |
High military expenditure. Border disputes
with Serbia and Croatia. |
| BURUNDI |
X |
6.2 |
600 |
$102.1810 |
$1 133.00 |
$182.74 |
$161.86 |
7 |
High military expenditure. |
| COLOMBIA |
X |
42.3 |
6300 |
$224.0800 |
$38 260.00 |
$904.49 |
$1 275.33 |
30 |
High military expenditure. Has yet
to resolve internal conflict with FARC. |
| DJIBOUTI |
X |
0.467 |
1300 |
$7.0552 |
$366.00 |
$783.73 |
$13.07 |
28 |
High military expenditure. |
| ETHIOPIA |
X |
67.9 |
700 |
$1 105.7243 |
$2 900.00 |
$42.71 |
$1 450.00 |
2 |
High military expenditure. Has yet
to resolve border disputes with Eritrea and Somalia. |
| JORDAN |
X |
5.6 |
4300 |
$51.6398 |
$7 683.00 |
$1 371.96 |
$256.10 |
30 |
Extremely high military expenditure. |
| LEBANON |
X |
3.8 |
4800 |
$31.3135 |
$20 790.00 |
$5 471.05 |
$693.00 |
30 |
High military expenditure. Syrian troops
still present. Border dispute regarding part of Golan Heights. |
| MACEDONIA |
X |
2.1 |
6700 |
$9.4765 |
$1 929.00 |
$918.57 |
$64.30 |
30 |
High military expenditure. |
| MOROCCO |
X |
32.2 |
4000 |
$315.8820 |
$17 320.00 |
$537.89 |
$911.58 |
19 |
High military expenditure. Western
Sahara issue remains unresolved. |
| SERBIA & MONTENEGRO |
X |
10.8 |
2200 |
$144.0893 |
$14 010.00 |
$1 297.22 |
$467.00 |
30 |
Have yet to settle all war crime issues
and warrants. Border dispute with Bosnia & Herzogovina. Kosovo issue unresolved. |
| SRI LANKA |
X |
19.9 |
3700 |
$206.9321 |
$10 520.00 |
$528.64 |
$553.68 |
19 |
High military expenditure. Tamil conflict
yet to be resolved. |
| TAJIKISTAN |
X |
7 |
1000 |
$109.8720 |
$1 000.00 |
$142.86 |
$200.00 |
5 |
High military expenditure. Border disputes
with many of its neighbors. |
| TURKEY |
X |
68.9 |
6700 |
$310.9181 |
$147 300.00 |
$2 137.88 |
$4 910.00 |
30 |
High military expenditure. Cyprus issue
with Greece. Water disputes with Iraq, Syria. Tensions with Armenia over Armenia-Azerbaijan conflict. |
| YEMEN |
X |
20 |
800 |
$321.7680 |
$6 044.00 |
$302.20 |
$549.45 |
11 |
High military expenditure. |
| AFGHANISTAN |
|
28.5 |
700 |
$464.1111 |
$8 500.00 |
$298.25 |
$772.73 |
11 |
|
| ALBANIA |
|
3.5 |
4500 |
$30.9015 |
$1 410.00 |
$402.86 |
$94.00 |
15 |
|
| ANGUILLA |
|
0.013 |
8600 |
$0.0102 |
$8.80 |
$676.92 |
$0.37 |
24 |
|
| BANGLADESH |
|
141.3 |
1900 |
$1 968.3373 |
$18 060.00 |
$127.81 |
$3 612.00 |
5 |
|
| BELIZE |
|
0.273 |
4900 |
$2.1961 |
$475.00 |
$1 739.93 |
$15.83 |
30 |
|
| BENIN |
|
7.3 |
1100 |
$113.1485 |
$1 600.00 |
$219.18 |
$200.00 |
8 |
|
| BOLIVIA |
|
8.7 |
2400 |
$112.6580 |
$5 332.00 |
$612.87 |
$242.36 |
22 |
|
| BRAZIL |
|
184.1 |
7600 |
$505.6859 |
$214 900.00 |
$1 167.30 |
$7 163.33 |
30 |
|
| BULGARIA |
|
7.5 |
7600 |
$20.6010 |
$12 050.00 |
$1 606.67 |
$401.67 |
30 |
|
| BURKINA FASO |
|
13.6 |
1100 |
$210.7973 |
$1 300.00 |
$95.59 |
$325.00 |
4 |
|
| CAMBODIA |
|
13.4 |
1900 |
$186.6647 |
$2 400.00 |
$179.10 |
$342.86 |
7 |
|
| CAPE VERDE |
|
0.415 |
1400 |
$6.1881 |
$136.00 |
$327.71 |
$11.33 |
12 |
|
| CHAD |
|
9.5 |
1200 |
$145.3842 |
$1 100.00 |
$115.79 |
$220.00 |
5 |
|
| CONGO, REPUBLIC OF
THE |
|
3 |
700 |
$48.8538 |
$5 000.00 |
$1 666.67 |
$166.67 |
30 |
|
| COTE D'IVOIRE |
|
17.3 |
1400 |
$257.9638 |
$11 850.00 |
$684.97 |
$493.75 |
24 |
|
| DOMINICA |
|
0.069 |
5400 |
$0.4874 |
$161.50 |
$2 340.58 |
$5.38 |
30 |
|
| DOMINICAN REPUBLIC |
|
8.8 |
6000 |
$51.7968 |
$6 567.00 |
$746.25 |
$243.22 |
27 |
|
| EAST TIMOR |
|
1 |
500 |
$16.6770 |
$0.00 |
$0.00 |
$0.00 |
0 |
|
| ECUADOR |
|
13.2 |
3300 |
$147.6209 |
$15 690.00 |
$1 188.64 |
$523.00 |
30 |
|
| EL SALVADOR |
|
6.6 |
4800 |
$54.3866 |
$6 575.00 |
$996.21 |
$219.17 |
30 |
|
| FIJI |
|
0.88 |
5800 |
$5.5250 |
$188.10 |
$213.75 |
$23.51 |
8 |
|
| GAMBIA, THE |
|
1.5 |
1700 |
$21.4839 |
$476.00 |
$317.33 |
$39.67 |
12 |
|
| GEORGIA |
|
4.7 |
2500 |
$59.9391 |
$1 800.00 |
$382.98 |
$128.57 |
14 |
|
| GHANA |
|
20.8 |
2200 |
$277.5053 |
$7 398.00 |
$355.67 |
$569.08 |
13 |
|
| GRENADA |
|
0.089 |
5000 |
$0.6985 |
$196.00 |
$2 202.25 |
$6.53 |
30 |
|
| GUATEMALA |
|
14.3 |
4100 |
$137.4773 |
$4 957.00 |
$346.64 |
$381.31 |
13 |
|
| GUINEA |
|
9.2 |
2100 |
$124.5478 |
$3 250.00 |
$353.26 |
$250.00 |
13 |
|
| GUYANA |
|
0.705 |
4000 |
$6.9161 |
$1 200.00 |
$1 702.13 |
$40.00 |
30 |
|
| HONDURAS |
|
6.8 |
2600 |
$85.3862 |
$5 246.00 |
$771.47 |
$187.36 |
28 |
|
| INDIA |
|
1065 |
2900 |
$12 746.1330 |
$101 700.00 |
$95.49 |
$25 425.00 |
4 |
|
| INDONESIA |
|
238.5 |
3200 |
$2 714.0346 |
$135 700.00 |
$568.97 |
$6 785.00 |
20 |
|
| IRAQ |
|
25.4 |
1500 |
$373.7610 |
$93 950.00 |
$3 698.82 |
$3 131.67 |
30 |
|
| JAMAICA |
|
2.7 |
3900 |
$27.0167 |
$4 962.00 |
$1 837.78 |
$165.40 |
30 |
|
| KENYA |
|
32 |
1000 |
$502.2720 |
$5 916.00 |
$184.88 |
$845.14 |
7 |
|
| KIRIBATI |
|
0.101 |
800 |
$1.6249 |
$10.00 |
$99.01 |
$2.50 |
4 |
|
| LESOTHO |
|
1.9 |
3000 |
$22.3668 |
$735.00 |
$386.84 |
$52.50 |
14 |
|
| MADAGASCAR |
|
17.5 |
800 |
$281.5470 |
$4 600.00 |
$262.86 |
$460.00 |
10 |
|
| MALAWI |
|
11.9 |
600 |
$196.1215 |
$3 026.00 |
$254.29 |
$336.22 |
9 |
|
| MALI |
|
12 |
900 |
$190.7064 |
$3 300.00 |
$275.00 |
$330.00 |
10 |
|
| MARSHALL ISLANDS |
|
0.058 |
1600 |
$0.8421 |
$86.50 |
$1 491.38 |
$2.88 |
30 |
|
| MICRONESIA, FEDERATED
STATES OF |
|
0.108 |
2000 |
$1.4833 |
$53.10 |
$491.67 |
$2.95 |
18 |
|
| MOLDOVA |
|
4.4 |
1800 |
$62.1562 |
$1 515.00 |
$344.32 |
$116.54 |
13 |
|
| MONGOLIA |
|
2.8 |
1800 |
$39.5539 |
$885.00 |
$316.07 |
$73.75 |
12 |
|
| MOZAMBIQUE |
|
18.8 |
1200 |
$287.7077 |
$966.00 |
$51.38 |
$483.00 |
2 |
|
| NAMIBIA |
|
2 |
7200 |
$7.0632 |
$1 040.00 |
$520.00 |
$54.74 |
19 |
|
| NAURU |
|
0.013 |
5000 |
$0.1020 |
$33.30 |
$2 561.54 |
$1.11 |
30 |
|
| NICARAGUA |
|
5.4 |
2300 |
$70.9852 |
$5 833.00 |
$1 080.19 |
$194.43 |
30 |
|
| NIGER |
|
11.4 |
800 |
$183.4078 |
$1 600.00 |
$140.35 |
$320.00 |
5 |
|
| NIUE |
|
0.002 |
3600 |
$0.0212 |
$0.42 |
$209.00 |
$0.05 |
8 |
|
| PANAMA |
|
3 |
6300 |
$15.8922 |
$8 834.00 |
$2 944.67 |
$294.47 |
30 |
|
| PAPUA NEW GUINEA |
|
5.4 |
2200 |
$72.0446 |
$2 909.00 |
$538.70 |
$153.11 |
19 |
|
| PARAGUAY |
|
6.2 |
4700 |
$52.3069 |
$2 960.00 |
$477.42 |
$174.12 |
17 |
|
| PERU |
|
27.5 |
5100 |
$210.4245 |
$29 950.00 |
$1 089.09 |
$998.33 |
30 |
|
| PHILIPPINES |
|
86.2 |
4600 |
$744.1474 |
$57 960.00 |
$672.39 |
$2 415.00 |
24 |
|
| ROMANIA |
|
22.4 |
7000 |
$87.8976 |
$18 340.00 |
$818.75 |
$632.41 |
29 |
|
| RWANDA |
|
8 |
1300 |
$120.8592 |
$1 300.00 |
$162.50 |
$216.67 |
6 |
|
| SAINT LUCIA |
|
0.164 |
5400 |
$1.1584 |
$214.00 |
$1 304.88 |
$7.13 |
30 |
|
| SAINT VINCENT AND THE
GRENADINES |
|
0.117 |
2900 |
$1.4003 |
$167.20 |
$1 429.06 |
$5.57 |
30 |
|
| SAMOA |
|
0.178 |
5600 |
$1.1874 |
$197.00 |
$1 106.74 |
$6.57 |
30 |
|
| SAO TOME & PRINCIPE |
|
0.182 |
1200 |
$2.7853 |
$318.00 |
$1 747.25 |
$10.60 |
30 |
|
| SENEGAL |
|
10.9 |
1600 |
$158.2549 |
$3 009.00 |
$276.06 |
$300.90 |
10 |
|
| SEYCHELLES |
|
0.081 |
7800 |
$0.1907 |
$213.00 |
$2 629.63 |
$7.10 |
30 |
|
| SOLOMON ISLANDS |
|
0.524 |
1700 |
$7.5050 |
$162.50 |
$310.11 |
$14.77 |
11 |
|
| SURINAME |
|
0.437 |
4000 |
$4.2870 |
$321.00 |
$734.55 |
$12.35 |
26 |
|
| TANZANIA |
|
36.6 |
600 |
$603.1973 |
$6 549.00 |
$178.93 |
$935.57 |
7 |
|
| THAILAND |
|
64.9 |
7400 |
$203.7341 |
$53 750.00 |
$828.20 |
$1 791.67 |
30 |
|
| TOKELAU |
|
0.0014 |
1000 |
$0.0220 |
$0.00 |
$0.00 |
$0.00 |
0 |
|
| TUVALU |
|
0.015 |
1100 |
$0.2325 |
$0.00 |
$0.00 |
$0.00 |
0 |
|
| UGANDA |
|
26.4 |
1400 |
$393.6557 |
$3 818.00 |
$144.62 |
$636.33 |
6 |
|
| UKRAINE |
|
47.7 |
5400 |
$336.9146 |
$16 130.00 |
$338.16 |
$1 344.17 |
12 |
|
| VANUATU |
|
0.203 |
2900 |
$2.4295 |
$65.80 |
$324.14 |
$5.48 |
12 |
|
| VENEZUELA |
|
25 |
4800 |
$206.0100 |
$32 510.00 |
$1 300.40 |
$1 083.67 |
30 |
|
| ZAMBIA |
|
10.5 |
800 |
$168.9282 |
$5 281.00 |
$502.95 |
$293.39 |
18 |
|
|
